Bipolar Disorder

Bipolar disorder is characterized by extreme fluctuations between elevated, euphoric states of heightened energy and motivation (manic episodes) and profoundly depressive lows. Individuals with bipolar disorder may not always recognize their manic phase due to the subjective perception of feeling good, and post-episode, they may be surprised by their behavior. During manic phases, individuals may perceive others as negative or unhelpful.

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Experiences of bipolar disorder vary widely among individuals, with some enduring more frequent and severe episodes than others. The intense nature of the condition can present challenges in maintaining employment and strain interpersonal relationships, with an associated heightened risk of suicide.

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Episodes of mania and depression in bipolar disorder may include sensations such as hallucinations (seeing, hearing, or smelling things that are not present) or delusions (irrational beliefs). These symptoms collectively constitute psychosis or a psychotic episode.

To diagnose bipolar disorder, an individual must have experienced at least one manic (or hypomanic in bipolar II) episode and one depressive episode in their lifetime. A manic episode (bipolar I disorder) is characterized by extreme happiness, irritability, hyperactivity, reduced need for sleep, racing thoughts, and heightened self-confidence, lasting at least one week. In a hypomanic episode (bipolar II disorder), similar symptoms are present but endure for a minimum of four days.

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Conversely, a depressive episode is marked by profound sadness, lack of energy, diminished interest in activities, and feelings of helplessness and hopelessness. Individuals with bipolar disorder typically have periods of normal mood lasting up to three years between episodes.

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Left untreated, the severity of episodes can vary, and individuals often discern the onset of a new cycle as their symptoms intensify. This observation is also apparent to those familiar with the patterns and symptoms, such as family and friends.

If you suspect that you or a loved one is living with bipolar disorder, our team is available to provide assistance. Please feel free to request an appointment below.